Direct flow check valve



Dec. 14, 1937. M. sMoLENsKY DIRECT FLOW CHECK VALVE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. lO, 1955 r gwvwntoo I Mchel jmolezs@ Dec 14, 1937. M. sMoLr-:NSKY 2,102,289e l DIRECT FLQW CHECK VALVE y Filed oct. 1o, 1935 z'sneetyshee: 2

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Patented Dec. 14, 1937 UNITED STATES Partnr orties 2 Claims.

This invention relates to check Valves and is a continuationV in part of the subject matter of my copending application Serial No. 449,427,

filed May 3, 1930, and now Patent No. 1,950,575, 5 granted March 13, 1934.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a check valve through which the uid may pass in a smooth, direct and unregurgitated stream from the inlet to the outlet passage so as to reduce the head losses and backwash of the uid stream.

A correlative object is to prevent abrupt radial ow of iluids in the rear of the valve disk and to gradually direct the fluid passing the valve into a path coaxial with the outlet passage so as to obtain a streamline flow effect.

Another object is to provide a valve in which effective areas of the inlet passage and of outlet passages are each equal to orgreater than the 20 area of the corresponding passages of the pipes with which the valve is associated.

Another object of my invention is to provide a check valve which may be economically manuactured and assembled and which is comparatively small in proportion to the other check valves of comparable capacity.

Specific and important features oi` mylinvention reside in the manner in which the fluid impinging upon the valve disk is redirected into the main stream and in the manner in which the fluid is guided to the discharge passage after it has passed around the rim of the valve disk.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from the following 5 specication wherein reference is made to the drawings by the use of numerals.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional View through the form of check valve embodying principles of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the valve illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an improved form of the valve illustrated in Fig. l.

The valve illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 is a continuation in part of the subject matter of 'my copending application above identied. The valve illustrated in Fig. 3 is a similar valve with an improved means for guiding the fluid through the valve body after it has passed the rim of the valve disk.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the valve comprises a body l having outlet and inlet passages 2 and 55 3 respectively which are preferably coaxial with each other. About the ends of the Valve and the respective passages are provided thickened annular portions i and 5 tapped as indicated at S' tc receive bolts for connecting the body between companion anges carried on adjacent ends of the pipe line in which the valve is to be installed. Radial recesses 'i' are formed in the; annular portions to accommodate bolt heads or companion nuts of the bolts passing through the passages 6. The Valve body is slightly larger in diameter than the pipe with which it is associated for purposes later to be described.

At the ends of the valve body within the annular portions i and 5 are vspiders 8 and 9 respectively. The spider 8 which is removable from the body for purposes of assemblage, comprises a number of radial ribs i@ terminating outwardly in an annular rim i i adapted to be tted and secured against a suitable shoulder in the annular portion il of the body. The inner ends of the Aribs Hl support a central tubular bearing i2 and carry fins i3 projecting inwardlyl of the valve body and extending from the inner end of the bearing l2 and sloping outwardly to the plane of the lower edge of the ribs l0, for bracing the bearing securely in position and for assisting in directing the fluids in a straight path into an outlet passage 2. The bearing l2 may be partially closed at its outer end by a wall it. The spider 9 is formed similarly to thev spider 8, except that the arms l5 thereof may be integral with the body. As illustrated, the spider S supports a tubular bearing it coaxial with the bearing I2 and the arms thereof also carry inwardly projecting bracing and guide fins.

Extending inwardly of the body and surrounding the inlet opening of the valve is a crown i8 which is of substantially the same inner diameter as the inlet passage and' is in spaced relation to the walls of the valve body. The crown I8 and inner walls of the body form an annular trough 2B of considerable depth adjacent to the inlet end of the body. The inner walls 2l of the body are preferably concave inwardly so as to dene a globular cavity. The trough 20 therefore is wider at the top than at the bottom for a purpose later to be described.

Within the valve body is a closure disk 22, carried on posts 23 and 24 extending in each direction from the face of the disk. These posts are adapted to be received in the bearings i2 and I6 respectively, for slidably mounting the posts and disk and for retaining the disk in axial alignment with the inlet opening. The posts 23 and 24 are preferably hollow so as to receive springs 25 and Y Y' nular passage between the disk rim and the wallsV one end. The spring 26 engages a suitableshoulder in the post 23 at the other end and the Yspring A25 engages an end wall .in the post 24.

These springs operate to returnthe valve to seated pof sition andare protected against foreignmatter by the telescopic housing thus formed by the posts 23and 24 and bearings I2 and IE. 'The disk 22 is preferably convex towardthe crown i8 and preferably globular in form and of substantially the same 'outerV diameter as'the crown I8. V'The i diameter of the diskrrelative to'the body is such that when the disk is in the open position, the anof the body is about equal in Varea to thepa'ssage through the inlet opening.V f Y 1n the form inustrated, the disais houow onk the side away from the inlet opening so as to reduce Vthe weight and permit more rapid seating and unseating of the disk. The inner walls 2| of thebody slope inwardly as indicated at 29, beginning Va short distance-past the open position of the disk so as to approach, on a gradual curve, the outlet passage.

Y VIn operating, the water orrother fluid'entering the-valve, impinges on the globular face of the disk 22 and unseats the disk, driving it away from the inlet opening against the resistance of the springs 25 and 26. This action of the diskis finally 'arrested in case of swift flow of water by engagement of the post 23 and the end wall of Y the bearing l2 or by compression of the springs to a given pressure. V Y Y Whenthe disk'is inthe full open position as indicated in Fig. 1,the fluid passes out from the inlet opening and the bore of the crown I8 as in-V dcatedby the arrows 30.V Since theV face of the disk slopes away from the passage toward the circumference,Y the larger portion ofV this Vfluid forms an lannular stream passing gradually outwardly toward the walls of the body and generally par- Vallel to the face of the disk 22, as indicated by .the-arrows`3l4.

'I'his fluid is gradually Ydeflected inwardly bythe body walls as indicated by the arrows Y32 toward the outlet opening so that a comparatively solid VYannular stream of water passes around the valve and forms into a solid stream asv it goes through Vthe outlet passage. Howeventhere is a tendency for back-wash and regurgitation of the fluid as it impinges upon the face of the valve disk. Due to the depth and position of the trough and theslope of the face of the'disk positioned toward the inlet opening and crown, part of the fluid is directed outwardly toward the walls 2| of the body. This portion of the fluid would normally .tendto regurgitate and causeV backwash, except for the action of the trough 20. Howevenwhen the trough 20 is provided, thisY stream 'of uid striking the wallsA 2| tendsto flow downwardly into thetrough and is' redirected parallel to the axis of the crown and back into the main stream, as indicated by the arrows 33. v The trough becomes filled immediately upon the entrance of the fluidY and before the valve disk is fully withdrawn fromthe opening in the inlet passage. Since thevtrough is filled, it presents a solid mass of fluid in'which the currents are flowing as indicated, thus'partially reducing the backwash and eliminating losses of fluid head. After the trough is well Vfilledwith'fluid, the fluid passing between the disklandV crown vflows outwardly and upwardly striking this returning stream and being deflected thereby and passing therewith up and around the valve disk until substantially a Solid 2,102,289 2e which 'abutthewanY um the bearing |2 at 'direct streamrof fluid flowing in a. gradual curveY around the valve disk and along` the sidewalls .of the body is formed.` 1

A valve similar in most-respects Ato that shown K Yin Fig. l, but with improved means for directing the Yfluid in a clearly denedstrea'm to the outlet passage after passing the valve disk is illustrated in'Fig. 3.v In this form of valve, the disk 4!) is convex toward the Vcrown 4I and preferably globularin lforni for effecting the flow of waterV simi-V lartorthat previously.V described'. d Y f.

Y In order to betterV direct the flow of fluids into the outlet passage, I provide an element` 42 having a fluid directing surface designated at 43 designed to form with the inner walls :le of the body, an inwardly directedV annular passage coaxial with the outlet passage. In the form illustrated, the element l2 is roughly a frusto-conical shield, disposed withA the larger -base turned toward the valve-disk, and the smaller base toward the outletpassage of V,the valve body.

In the preferred form, 1 the 4diameter Vof shield adjacent to the valve disk, is substantially the Ysarne as the vdiameter' of the rim of thedisk 4 0, and the otherbase ofVA the shield is substantially the same diameter as vthe tubular bearing 45.

the

When used inthe form of body illustrated, the

fluid engaging wall 43 slopes inwardly from the lowerV base toward the upper base of a gradual curve, the degree of curvature depending on the slope of the inner walls44 of the Valve body adjacent to the discharge end. The degree of curvature illustrated is effective throughout a large range of shapes of Valve bodies, and will give effective results inall Vof them. `VIfV the body were may be increasedV or a cylindrical. shield with the upper end tapered or a conicalshield could be used with goodY results.Y Y

For economy in manufacture, the shield may ,beV formed hollow and integral-with the post 45 and spider arms 4G of the removable spider which is fixedly secured in the body. When the shield is thusk flxed'to the body, the lower end terminates Vin Vthe plane defined by the-rearward face of thevalve disk, when the valve disk is ina fully open position, as indicated at 48. d valve disk is in a fully open position, there is Ypre- Thus, when the `substantially cylindrical, the radius of curvature sented to the fluid passing through the valve and around the valve disk, a smooth-walledA annular passage of decreasing inner radius `towardthe outlet passage so that the fluid may pass as a Ysolid unregurgitated annular stream through the valve body and outlet passage, past the end of the Y shield 42.V During this passage, it is gradually brought from a'solid'annular stream, to a solid Y Y circular stream and concurrently graduallyV directed axially ofthe outlet passage. The large diameterend of the element or shield 42 preferably passes into the plane ofthe valve disk substantially tangentially so that fluid impinging upon lthe inner walls of the body and tending to pass somewhat radially and abruptly inwardly d thereof -strikes the shield Without regurgitation or backwash and are gradually deflected in the manner described. Thus, the disk and shield cooperstream by the action of the crown 4| and side walls 44 of the body, a part of the fluid tends to turn inwardly after passing the rim of the disk and, in case of the disk shown in Fig. l, there is a tendency for backwashing in the rear of the disk. With the shield provided however, the fluid which might otherwise flow radially inwardly past the rim of the disk and cause regurgitation, as indicated by the dotted arrows 52, is gradually deilected, without regurgitation, and guided into a direction axially of the outlet passage, as indicated by the arrows 53. Any tendency of the flowing stream to form into a swirling moving stream is overcome by the downwardly extending ns 49 of the spider arms 46. A similar effect is provided by the fins of the inlet passage of the valve. By making the walls of the shield curvilinear, a gradual contraction of the stream of fluid from an annular to a circular stream results and causes a streamline effect for assisting the flow.

Experience has proven that in order to render these valves most effective, the inlet passages and the outlet passages each should be equal to or greater in effective cross sectional area than the pipe with which associated. Since the spiders block a portion of these passages, allowance must be made therefor in determining these areas. Referring, for example, to Fig. 1, the valve is shown connected to an inlet pipe Pi and an outlet pipe P0. The areas of the pipes respectively equal Az' and Aoi. The area of the spider arms 8 plus the annular rim Il, plus the bearing I4, taken in the plane of the outlet passage equal As. The outlet passage area therefore must be equal to or greater than Ao and As. The same is true of the inlet passage which must be equal to or greater than A12 plus area of bearing I6 plus area of arms 9, taken in the plane of the inlet passage.

In this manner, I have provided a check valve having a large smooth wall passage which permits the flow of fluid therethrough in substantially a solid well dened stream without regurgitation and backwash, and have provided means which cooperate with the walls of the body of the valve and with the disk to cause any fluid which would normally regurgitate and backwash to localize into a defined stream which is directed with very slight head losses into the main stream passing through the valve.

Having thus describedi my invention,

I claim:

1. A check Valve comprising a one piece body arranged for connection with pipes at its ends and having a chamber therein of circular cross section and axially aligned entrance and exit passages at the opposite ends of the chamber respectively, a crown about the entrance pas? sage extending into the chamber and defining withV the walls thereof a relatively deep annular trough, a closure disk seatable on said crown and movable toward and away from said crown for opening and closing the valve, a spider in the entrance passage, a bearing carried by the spider, a detachable spider in the exit passage, a bearing carried thereby and coaxial with the first bearing, posts on the disk slidably accommodated by said bearings, a shield integral with the bearing in the exit passage and extending therefrom into the chamber in spaced relation to the walls thereof and flaring radially outwardly toward the disk and terminating at its larger end substantially flush with the limit of the disk nearest the exit passage when the disk is in fully opened position, and a compression spring operatively interposed between the disk and detachable spider and urging the disk to seated position on the crown.

2. A check valve comprising a one piece body arranged for connection with pipes at its ends and having a chamber therein of circular cross section and axially aligned entrance and exit passages at the opposite ends of the chamber respectively, a valve seat within the chamber, a closure disc seatable thereon and movable toward and away from said seat for opening and closing the valve, a spider in the entrance passage, a bearing carried by the spider, a detachable spider in the exit passage, a bearing carried thereby and coaxial with the first bearing, posts on the disc slidably accommodated by said bearings, a shield integral with the bearing in the exit passage and extending therefrom into the chamber in spaced relation to the walls thereof and flaring radially outwardly toward the disc and terminating at its larger end substantially flush with the limit of the disc nearest the exit passage when the disc is in fully opened position, and a compression spring operatively interposed between the disc and detachable spider and urging the disc to seated position.

MICHAEL SMOLENSKY. 

